Pavement



(No Model.)

J. S. ROWELL.

PAVEMENT.

No. 533,498. Patented Feb. 5, M395.

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Unirse STATES 'A rfa imm-@vg frs )ATEN t Ur e aan@ JOHN S. ROW'ELL, OF BEAVER DAM, WISCONSIN.

PAVEMENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 533,498, dated February 5, 1895.

Application filed October 29, 1894:t Serial No. 5272801 (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN S. RoWnLL, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Beaver Dam,in the countyof Dodge and State of Wisconsin,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pavements; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention has for its object to provide a strong, durable and economical pavement that will not spread, warp, or crack; and it consists of a metallic skeleton frame combined with a plastic filling laid upon a suitable foundation the same being hereinafter more fully described with reference, to the accompanying drawings and subsequently claimed.

In the drawings: Figure l represents a plan View of a partly finished section of pavement constructed according to my invention; Fic. 2, a vertical transverse section of the same takenV on line 2 2 of the preceding figure; Fig. 3, a similar View of a portion of the pave- .ment on a larger scale than that of the previous figures; Fig. a, a perspective view of a portion of one of the transverse stays employed in the preferred form of skeleton frame that constitutes part of my improved pavement; Fig. 5, a similar view of one of the inner longitudinal bars employed in said preferred form of skeleton frame, and Fig. 6, a detail elevation partlyin section illustrating a union of the aforesaid stay and bar.

Referring by letter to the drawings, Arepresents parallel side-bars made from any snitable metal in such widths and thickness as may be most desirable, but under ordinary circumstances bars of one and one-quarter inches Wide by one-quarter of an inch thick will answer. In practice the side-bars are stayed apart any desirable distance by suitable metallic material, such as wire netting, rods or band-iron strips, to thereby form a skeletonframe primarily open at the top and bottom, this frame being laid upon a cinder, clay or other suitable foundation and subsequently lled with a plastic material to complete the pavement. The metal skeleton-frame is made in sections of any convenient length, say twelve feet, and these sections are united by any suitable means as the laying of the pavement progresses.

' The end sections ot the metal skeletonframe have the outer extremities of the sidehars A rigidly connected to a transverse stay B, and in practice the width and thickness of the latter bar are preferably the same as like dimensions of said side-bars.

At suitable intervals in the length of the skeleton-trame I provide anchors G that may be of any length in a vertical direction, said anchors being preferably right-angle strips of band-iron riveted to the side-bars of said frame inside the latter. In practice I have found it sufficient to make the anchors of band-iron one-quarter of an inch thick, three inches Wide and six inches deep, the tlukes or horizontal portions of said anchors having two inches, more or less, extension from the Shanks.

When setting the frame, I prefer to have the side-bars in one section thereof butt-join those of a succeeding section and then unite said sections by means of metal splice-plates D riveted to said butt-j oined side-bars.

That form ot skeleton-frame herein shown embodies longitudinal bars E of a width equal to that of the side-bars between which they are in parallel arrangement at regular intervals, and I also employ a series of transverse stays F that have the same Width and interlock with the intermediate bars at such intervals as may be determined whereby I form rectangular compartmentsin said frame. The bars E and stays F may be less thick than the side-bars of the frame and I have found that one-eigthh of an inch is ensuincient thickness.

The bars E in a section of the frame are preferably longer than the side bars A of the same section and are lap-joined and riveted to the meeting bars of an adjacent section or sections, the interlocking stays F being riveted or otherwise rigidly secured to said side bars. In a terminal section of the frame the bars E areriveted or otherwise rigidly secured to one of the stays B above specied.

In order to interlock the bars E and stays F both are kerfed at the proper intervals onehalf their depth, and it is apparent that a kerf in one will be-engaged by the other. I also nd it preferable to notch the lower edges ot the bars E in line with each kerf and swage korf-corners of a stay F therein as shown in Fig. 6, thus looking said bars against displaceilelt when the frame-sections are being han- A frame of the above description having been positioned on a suitable foundation the spaces therein are filled with any suitable plastic material to complete the pavement, and I prefer a mixture of cement, sand and Water, or this mixture as a tcp dressing for another mixture of gravel, cement and water, both being shown in Fig. 8.

The iilling above described is tamped tight `in each compartment of the frame and struck off to obtain a nice finish. The tamping insures of soft spots in the foundation being packed hard, the iilling being supplied as the work proceeds and tamped until it ceases to sink, and the material struck off from a compartment is utilized in another adjacent cornpartment. l

Owing to the tamping operation I obtain the greatest possible cohesion of the filling material in the frame compartments, and I have found by experiment that there is no shrink of said material from the boundaries of said compartments, and that the finished pavement will neither spread, Warp nor crack under the varying conditions to which pavements are subjected. I have also found by experiment that a comparatively small quam tity of cement is necessary in the filling material and consequently this eects a saving in the cost of the pavement, these results being due to the fact that each section of the filling is braced on all sides by the metal framework of said pavement, and it is possible to make the compartments of the frame in various shapes according to the disposition of the metal Work intermediate of the side-bars. 1

Having thus described my invention, what Iclaim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. Apavement frame'comprisingr metal side bars and interlocking metal-work intermediate of the bars, certain members of the metal-work being provided with notches and kerf-corners of other members of said metalwork swaged into the notches.

2. A pavement-frame resulting from metal side-bars joined by metal stays and having anchors depending from said side-bars.

A pavement-frame resulting from metal side-bars and an intermediate net-Work of like material joined thereto, together with anchors depending from said side bars.

In testimony that l claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand, at Beaver Dam, in the county of Dodge and State of Wisconsin, in the presence of two witnesses.

JOI-IN S. ROWELL.

Witnesses:

W. H. STAGY, B. S. BARBER. 

